Effect of hypokalemia on left ventricular structure and function in patients with essential hypertension

Objective: Analyzing the changes of left ventricular structure and function in essential hypertension patients with hypokalemia, we want to provide an evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment of early heart damage caused by hypertension and hypokalemia. Design and method: 413 patients with hypertension were selected, including 270 cases of essential hypertension and 143 cases of essential hypertension with hypokalemia.Collect patient general information, biochemistry, urine routine, office blood pressure, 24 h ambulatory blood pressure, left atrial diameter, left ventricular end diastolic diameter, left ventricular end systolic diameter, ventricular septal thickness, left ventricular posterior wall thickness and other indicators.After propensity score matching, 108 cases in the essential hypertension group and the essential hypertension with hypokalemia group were each, and statistical analysis was performed. Results: Albumin, and urea-creatinine ratio levels of the essential hypertension with hypokalemia group were significantly reduced, and the ratios of sodium ions and sodium potassium were lower than those of the primary hypertension group. Correlation analysis shows that the left ventricular mass index was positively correlated with and the course of hypertension, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, creatinine, sodium-to-potassium ratio, mean systolic blood pressure during the day, mean diastolic blood pressure during the day, mean systolic blood pressure at night, mean night diastolic blood pressure. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the left ventricular mass index was independently positively correlated with systolic blood pressure, hypertension course, creatinine, sodium-to-potassium ratio, night systolic blood pressure, 24 h average systolic blood pressure, and 24 h systolic blood pressure load rate; potassium ion, low density Lipoprotein, angiotensin II and left ventricular mass index are independently and negatively correlated. Conclusions: There are more obvious ventricular structural changes in essential hypertension patients with hypokalemia; serum potassium ion concentration and sodium-to-potassium ratio are independent risk factors for left ventricular mass index in essential hypertension patients with hypokalemia.