Independent and concurrent cannabis use with alcohol, cigarettes, and other substances among college students: Rates and consequences.

The purpose of this study was to examine patterns of concurrent cannabis and other substance use and their differential associations with cannabis-related problems and academic outcomes in college students. Participants were undergraduate students ( = 263; age = 19.1 years; 61.2% female) who were eligible if they used cannabis at least 3 days in the past month ( = 10.1 days). Substance use, academic-related outcomes, and measures of Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD) severity and problems were obtained in an online survey. The five groups evaluated were cannabis-only users (5.3%), cannabis and alcohol (47.1%), cannabis, alcohol and cigarettes (16.7%), cannabis, alcohol and other substances (14.8%), or all-substances (16%). Cannabis-only and all-substance users reported using cannabis most frequently (s ≤ .034), but only the latter reported greater CUD severity, problems, and poorer academic outcomes. College student polysubstance users may be at increased risk for poorer outcomes compared to cannabis-only users and other groups.