A refined cellular automaton model with dual cruise-control limit for reproducing synchronized traffic flow

In this paper, a cellular automata model with dual cruise-control limit is refined where the length of each cell is set to 1.5 m and each vehicle can still occupy five cells. The prominent feature of this new model is that these vehicles with low-speed and high-speed are not affected by noise and the slow start rule of the Takayasu and Takayasu model is introduced if there is an empty cell in front of the stationary vehicle. Based on the computer simulation results, one obtains that the new refined model can successfully reproduce the empirical characteristics of three-phase traffic flow theory. In the fundamental diagram, there are three-phase traffic states: Free flow, synchronized flow and wide moving jam. In particular, 2Z-characteristic for phase transitions can be presented. Furthermore, the propagation speed of the downstream front of the moving synchronized pattern (MSP) and wide moving jam is within the range of empirical observation data or close to the range of empirical observation data.