Research review of large deformation monitoring of rock and soil

Landslide is a kind of extremely harmful global geological disaster, which often cause serious property losses and casualties. Therefore, scientific and effective landslide monitoring is of great significance for disaster prevention and mitigation. This article introduces the status quo and development trend of landslide deformation monitoring technology in the form of a review. Firstly, the deformation monitoring technologies about rock and soil are summarized and evaluated from three aspects: air (GNSS technology, InSAR technology), sky (UAV technology, 3D laser scanning), and ground (MEMS and Optical fiber technology). Then, the article focuses on ground (deep inclinometer) of the above three aspects, mainly talks about some advanced monitoring technologies used in inclinometer such as fiber Bragg grating and MEMS. The research results show that the inclinometer based on fiber Bragg grating has high monitoring accuracy with 1 με, and the data can be transmitted in time without electromagnetic interference. The MEMS-based inclinometer can measure the vertical tilt angle and horizontal torsion angle, which can realize the three-dimensional deformation monitoring in space. The above research and development of the novel inclinometer provide an effective mean for rock and soil deformation monitoring. Finally, the article summarizes the realization of accurate and reliable monitoring of landslide deformation.