Construction of Filling Body Instability Failure Warning Model Under Single-Side Unloading Condition

The filling body supports the quarry alone after the excavation of the pillar, and it is very easy to be destabilized or even cause disasters due to excessive deformation during the bearing process. An early warning model for unloading instability of the filling body on one side is established in this context. The time series of dissipated energy is defined with the information of acoustic emission energy rate. The orderliness of acoustic emission data is improved by the gray theory processing, and the warning model of energy instability is built based on the mutational theory. The spatially embodied form of the warning interval is analyzed with acoustic emission location data, and its reasonableness is verified using the ringing count rate. The test results show that the AE-stress curves indicate numerous distinct mutational properties of energy, according to the AE energy mutation curve, it is known that the energy undergoes four mutations during the unloading process on one side, and the failure warning interval is formed in the bearing stage, the short and near warning interval of instability is formed after unloading, this model greatly reduced warning duration. There-dimensional acoustic emission positioning shows that the short-imminent warning interval of instability has formed an “X” shape through fracture, which can be used as the early warning identification information in space. In space, the early-warning interval of failure is reflected by the formation of diagonal crack in the specimen. The warning interval is basically consistent with the precursors of acoustic emission instability, and the warning interval is more effective and advance, which provides a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of disasters caused by excavation and unloading.