PID control of hypnotic induction in anaesthesia employing multiobjective optimization design procedures

General anaesthesia is a clinical procedure that involves the continuous monitoring of several parameters for the correct application of anaesthetics and associated drugs. Focusing on the automatic control in anaesthesia, this work presents a multiobjective optimization design of controllers based on the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) to solve the problem of drug delivery for induction of anaesthesia. Five Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controllers in a decentralized scheme were tuned for one specific patient and tested in a total of 24 simulated patients. Acting over the infusions of Propofol, Remifentanil, Atracurium, Dobutamine, and Sodium Nitroprusside the proposed controllers could maintain the controlled variables in a safe range for surgical procedures.