Pathogenic fungi affecting fishes through their virulence molecules

In aquaculture, diseases cause the greatest economic losses, and fungal infections have become increasingly important over the past 20 years. Fungal spores are the major source of infection in aquaculture. A fungal pathogen's capacity to induce infections depends on the presence of virulence factors. Fungal virulence molecules including glycosyl hydrolase, protease, subtilisin, kinases and kinase inhibitor can damage the susceptible host. However, the full overview of the emergence of diseases associated with fungal pathogens remains limited. This review explores the analysis from the perspective of the micro-organism through the host-fungal pathogenic interactions, which describes the virulence factors as microbial components that can harm aquatic organisms. The systematic information on such virulence molecules provides various possibilities for the development of novel therapeutics.