Destruction and Transformation of Phytohormones By Microorganisms

Phytohormones are a group of structurally diverse, low-molecular organic substances that regulate all processes of plant life. It is well known that many microorganisms interacting with plants possess the ability to synthesize phytohormones. However, beneficial and pathogenic microorganisms can destroy and transform phytohormones in plants, affect their concentrations, and utilize them as nutrients. This review discusses the distribution of these properties in soil and plant-associated bacteria and fungi, as well as the biochemical pathways of microbial destruction and the transformation of the main classes of phytohormones. An analysis of information on the interaction of microorganisms with plants caused by modulation of the phytohormone content and the role of these phenomena in the formation of symbiotic plant-microbial systems is presented.