The application of nonthermal plasma in methanol synthesis via CO2 hydrogenation

CH3OH is an energy carrier that can be generated from renewable resources and be used as a fuel in fuel cells and internal combustion engines and a platform chemical for the synthesis of value-added chemicals or gasoline. Carbon dioxide (CO2) hydrogenation is one of the widely researched methods to generate methanol. The traditional CO2 hydrogenation reaction method (requires high H-2 pressure and temperatures) has attracted considerable attention. However, the new emerging field of catalysis referred to as nonthermal plasma (NTP) catalysis has also been developed extensively for methane reforming and CO2 hydrogenation to methane and CO. The plasma-assisted approach not only presents remarkable advantages, such as room temperature and atmospheric H-2 pressure but also has great potential to be powered by renewable electricity in a flexible way since it can be easily switched on/off. In this account, we review the recent articles published on methanol synthesis from CO2 and H-2 using NTP. We reviewed and discussed the mechanism of this reaction under NTP, the modification of the reactor configurations, and the rationale behind the catalyst design. In the end, we discussed the advantages and disadvantages of each of these works and the future perspectives of this interesting privileged reaction. We believe this review is of interest to researchers active in sustainable heterogeneous catalysis.