Global estimation of clear-sky shortwave aerosol direct radiative effects based on CALIPSO observations

The total and individual aerosol direct radiative effects (ADREs) were estimated for clear-sky conditions using Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) observations and radiative transfer model. In this study, a parametric sensitivity analysis was performed for the Santa Barbara DISORT Atmospheric Radiative Transfer model using a global sensitivity analysis method. Uncertainties in the ADREs due to aerosol optical properties and surface albedo errors were evaluated. The single-scattering albedo and asymmetry factor for marine, dust, pollution, and smoke aerosols required for the model calculations were obtained from the classified AErosol RObotic NETwork observations. The estimated average global ADREs and errors at the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) and the surface were -2.36 +/- 0.54 and -4.78 +/- 2.2 Wm(-2), respectively. In regions with higher dust, pollution, and smoke aerosol loading, the ADREs exhibited significant seasonal variability. In the Sahara and Arabian deserts, during the June-July-August season with higher dust aerosol loading, the seasonal average ADREs in the region were -3.23 and -21.37 Wm(-2) at the TOA and surface, respectively. In the Indian region, during the March-April-May season with higher pollution aerosol loading, the ADREs were -10.33 and -28.04 Wm(-2) at the TOA and surface, respectively. In Southern Africa, the smoke aerosol with a single-scattering albedo of 0.87 caused negative radiative effects at the TOA, and during the September-October-November season with higher smoke aerosol loading, the seasonal average ADREs were -2.34 and -6.36 Wm(-2) at the TOA and surface, respectively.