Removal of Methylene Blue Dye from Aqueous Solutions Using Carboxymethyl-β-Cyclodextrin-Fe 3 O 4 Nanocomposite: Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Adsorption Process

The applicability of the synthesized carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin-Fe 3 O 4 nanocomposite (CM‑β-CD-Fe 3 O 4 NPs) as a novel adsorbent for eliminating Methylene blue dye (MB) from aqueous media was investigated. Various techniques including Brunauer Emmett Teller analysis (BET), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) have been used to characterize this novel adsorbent. The effect of initial concentration ( C 0 ), pH, adsorbent dosage (dose), contact time ( t c ), and temperature ( T , K) on the removal percentage (Ad