MECHANOCHEMICAL AND PLASMACHEMICAL PROCESSING IN THE SYNTHESIS OF CATALYTIC SYSTEMS BASED ON VERMICULITE AND ZIRCONIUM OXYCHLORIDE

Various approaches to the synthesis of catalytic systems based on vermiculite and zirconium dioxide, founded on the use of mechanochemical and plasmachemical processing, are investigated in this work. Their influence on the structure and properties of catalysts for removing toxic 2,4-dichlorophenol from an aqueous solution is determined. The activation process is controlled by X-ray diffraction, IR-spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The size of the vermiculite particle was directly measured by scanning electron microscopy and calculated using X-ray diffraction spectroscopy data. To characterize the degree of mechanochemical activation (MCA), the size of the coherent scattering region and the value of micro deformations were used. We analyzed such parameters as a change in basal distance, hydration states of vermiculite, specific surface area, kinetic dependences of the decomposition of 2,4-dichlorophenol in an aqueous solution. A positive effect of mechanochemical and plasmachemical processing of systems based on vermiculite and zirconium dioxide was found. The use of these methods increases both the degree of decomposition (from 60 to 79% at given processing parameters) and the rate, energy contributions to the destruction process; and the vermiculite catalytic system itself is more efficient in combined plasma-catalytic processes (CPCP) of decomposition of 2,4-DCP than Pt/Al2O3.