Advanced Technologies Applied to Enhance Properties and Structure of Films and Coatings: a Review

Biopolymer films and coatings are promising systems to ensure shelf life, quality, and food safety, representing a sustainable alternative for replacing traditional petroleum-based materials. Although these films present advantages, mainly due to their biodegradability, their properties are not competitive at an industrial level and need to be enhanced. Therefore, several studies have investigated the application of physical treatments and new process methodologies to overcome these limitations. The present review aims to provide an overview about the effects of the application of ohmic heating, ultrasound, and ultraviolet radiation to the development of films and coatings. Overall, these novel technologies can change the properties and structure of films, thus offering an alternative to conventional methods of film production. However, further studies are still needed to better understand the mechanisms of each technology. Mastering the use of advanced technologies for film development may be the key to tailor biopolymer films and coatings for specific applications.