Gas–solid coupling lateral vibration characteristics of high-speed elevator based on blockage ratio

To describe the dynamic behaviors of high-speed elevators in service environments, the motion of a high-speed elevator hoisting system and airflow and their coupling mechanism at the contact surface were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics and system dynamics theory. Based on time discretization, a gas–solid coupling method for high-speed elevators was proposed. Selecting a high-speed elevator with a speed of 7 m/s as the research object, the relationships between blockage ratio, deflection angle, and aerodynamic load were explored. The coupling between the car, guide rail, and airflow was analyzed, and a dynamic model of the airflow-car-guide rail coupling system for high-speed elevators with different blocking ratios was constructed. The effectiveness of the model was verified by experiments, and gas–solid coupling lateral vibration responses of the high-speed elevator under different blockage ratios were compared. The results showed that the aerodynamic load was approximately linearly positively correlated with the vibration state of the car at a fixed blockage ratio, while the blockage ratio was positively nonlinearly correlated with the aerodynamic load. The typical numerical characteristics of the elevator car’s lateral vibration acceleration in the coupled state were larger than those in the uncoupled state. When the blockage ratio was greater than 0.57, the typical numerical characteristics showed a nonlinear increasing trend with increasing blockage ratio. This study provided an effective method to analyze gas–solid coupled lateral vibrations of high-speed elevators and has theoretical guiding significance for the design and manufacture of high-speed elevators and the development of vibration-absorbing devices.