Examining boss phubbing and employee outcomes through the lens of affective events theory

Purpose In this study, the impact of boss phubbing, or using a phone during interaction with subordinates, on important employee outcomes - work meaningfulness and employee phubbing behavior - through the mediating role of self-esteem threat was investigated using affective events theory. The moderating role of rejection sensitivity was also examined. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected in three time lags from head nurses (N = 178) working in public and private hospitals. The hypothesized relationships were tested using variance-based structural equation modeling with partial least squares. Findings Boss phubbing negatively affected employees' sense of work meaningfulness and had a positive direct and indirect relationship with employee phubbing behavior through self-esteem threat. The hypothesized moderating role of rejection sensitivity was not supported. Practical implications The authors recommend that organizations develop policies addressing boss phubbing in the workplace, particularly in contexts in which a high leader-member exchange is desired for organizational effectiveness, such as health-related services. Superiors, such as doctors, should review their mobile phone usage during interactions with subordinates because it is detrimental to employee outcomes. Originality/value This study is a nascent attempt to test the hypothesized relationships on the emerging phenomenon of phubbing at work in the human-computer interaction domain in Pakistan, a developing country, particularly in hospital settings where a high leader-member exchange is pivotal.