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Evaluation Indices and Design Method to Determine the Rolling Density of Dam Shell Sandy Gravel Material

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING(2022)

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Abstract
Sandy gravel dams with clay core walls are a widely used dam type, and the rolling density of sandy gravel material is evaluated by the relative density D-r. Consequently, designing the optimal D-r value is related both to the safety and health of the dam body and the time and cost of construction, but finding the optimal D-r value has not yet been satisfactorily resolved. Here, eight evaluation indices-strengthrelated, deformation-related, and compatible deformation-related indices-are proposed, and relationships between the indices and the D-r value of shell material are studied through three-dimensional (3D) finite-element calculations. Three efficacy functions that correspond to the above three types of evaluation indices are defined, and multiobjective programming (MOP) is used to analyze the optimal D-r. The suggested constraint condition in MOP is D-r is an element of [0.75,1] rather than D-r is an element of [0,1]. Four MOP schemes based on different weight allocations for the three efficacy functions are suggested. The compatible deformation control scheme was the optimal design for the project, and the optimal designed relative density of sandy gravel is 0.862. The proposed design method meets strength, deformation, and compatible deformation requirements for the dam body. (C) 2021 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Key words
Clay core wall dam, Sandy gravel material, Evaluation indices, Design method, Multiobjective programming (MOP)
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