How to perform ablative laser surgery for skin resurfacing?

The word laser is an acronym for "light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation." Throughout the past halfcentury, the better understanding of cutaneous physiology and laser technology has substantially improved to provide a sophisticated perspective for laser-skin interactions. Basic knowledge of the fundamentals of laser physics is essential to understanding laser devices1. Ablative lasers lead to the controlled removal of the outer layer of the skin along with various degrees of heat formation within the dermis. Ablative lasers have proven efficacy for skin rejuvenation hence commonly used in aesthetic dermatology. Additionally, they are increasingly implemented into medical dermatology for various skin disorders' management2. This study aimed to reveal the basic information in using ablative lasers and illustrate the numerous indications based on the physician's The theory of "selective photo-thermolysis" of Anderson and Parish in 1983 is a mile-stone for laser physics. According to this theory, thermal damage can be confined to a selected target within the exposed tissue. This target is determined by laser device wavelength and may include target chromophore of ablative lasers is water. Three criteria must be fulfilled to sustain a pure ablation effect during laser