The potential role of miR-27a and miR-320a in metabolic syndrome in obese Egyptian females

Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a combination of many health complications, such as obesity, high blood pressure, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and insulin resistance, with an increasing threat of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases. As the MetS develops, an alteration in the expression of some genes regulated by circulating microRNAs may also develop as a consequence. TaqMan microRNA primers specific for both miR-27a and miR-320a were used to estimate their expression levels in plasma samples collected from two groups: obese females with metabolic syndrome ( n = 49) and lean healthy female volunteers ( n = 23), to detect if their expression levels were deregulated with MetS. Results The study results revealed that miR-27a was upregulated in the plasma of MetS group compared to the healthy controls, while miR-320a was downregulated ( p ≤ 0.005). There was a highly significantly positive correlation between miR-27a expression and body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin resistance (represented as HOMA-IR), and triglycerides (TG), while it showed significantly negative correlation only with HDL-cholesterol ( p ≤ 0.0001). miR-320a showed significantly negative correlation with BMI, WC, waist-hip ratio (WHR), FBG, HOMA-IR, and TG. The expression value of miR-320a was positively correlated with HDL-cholesterol. Area under the curves (AUC) was equal to 1.000 for both microRNAs. Conclusion Our study added more evidence that monitoring changes in expression levels of both miR-27a and miR-320a in MetS patients could help in the evaluation of disease progression, risk, and susceptibility.