A thematic analysis of patients' and their informal caregivers' gendered experiences in traumatic brain injury

Purpose Research shows that patients' perceptions of themselves and others, in addition to their understanding of the concept of gender, changes after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Little is known about gendered experiences in TBI and care delivery. This study aims to explore perceptions of gender through life experiences and interactions between adult patients with TBI and their informal caregivers. Materials and Methods Seven patients with mild and moderate-severe TBI and eight informal caregivers were interviewed. Transcripts were coded and analysed according to Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research guidelines were followed in reporting results. Results The participants described a transformation of their understanding and experiences of gender following the TBI event. Three themes were identified: (1) Gender designations of "man" and "woman";( 2) Post-injury performativity of gender; and (3) Gender in giving and receiving care. Conclusions The findings emphasize the importance of raising awareness among researchers and practitioners on gender as a transformative process for patients with TBI and informal caregivers after the injury. The diversity of patient-caregiver experiences and critical needs based on gender call for intervention approaches that mitigate gender disparities in giving and receiving care.