High Speed VCSEL: Technology and Applications

N. N. Ledentsov,V. A. Shchukin,V. P. Kalosha,N. N. Ledentsov,L. Chorchos,O. Makarov,M. Bou Sanayeh,J. P. Turkiewicz

Journal of Lightwave Technology（2021）

Cited 12|Views13

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Abstract

Historically optical links up to 100–300m distances are served by light emitting devices in the 850 nm spectral range in combination with multimode glass fibers (MMF). As the silicon scaling continues, a single channel data rate is to double each 24 months. Light-emitting diodes had to be replaced by vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) and the data rate increased from 100 Mb/s to 10 G...

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Key words

Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers,Optical fiber cables,Optical fibers,Optical fiber networks,Copper,Optical variables control,Optical refraction

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