Impact of Funneliformis mosseae Inoculation on the Growth and Productivity of Gladiolus grandiflorus L. under Different Types and Rates of Organic Manures Fertilization

GLADIOLUS grandiflorus L. cv. White Prosperity corms were cultivated on field experiments during the two consecutive seasons of 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 at the Experimental Farm, Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, Egypt to study the influence of Funneliformis mosseae (with and without inoculation) under different organic manures types: Chicken manure (ChM) and Farmyard manure (FYM) and rates (0.0, 10 and 20m(3)/feddan) on G. grandiflorus L. cv. White Prosperity on the vegetative growth and productivity. The obtained results showed that chicken manure addition at 20m(3) fed(-1) significantly increased gladiolus vegetative growth, flowering characters and reduced days to spike emergence and days to first floret opening during the two seasons. This treatment enhanced corm values and productivity with improvement of chemical constituent values during the two seasons. F. mosseae inoculation significantly increased all vegetative growth, flowering characters (except that of days to spike emergence and days to first floret opening), corms productivity and chemical constituents during both seasons. The interaction between F. mosseae and ChM or FYM significantly increased the formation and percentage of F. mosseae spore density, root colonization and structure (hyphae, vesicles and arbuscules) compared with control treatment. F. mosseae structures significantly increased by adding ChM at two rates (10 or 20m(3) fed(-1)) which gave the highest values at flowering stage compared with after 30 days and harvesting stage in the two seasons.