Chronic Exposure to Electronic Cigarettes Induces Lung Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Fibrosis, and Impaired DNA Repair.

Chronic ECV exposure induced lung inflammation, pulmonary fibrosis, and increased superoxide generation. ECV exposure increased oxidative stress and inflammation in the lungs while decreasing the levels of DNA damage repair proteins. These findings suggest that chronic e-cig use can trigger oxidative stress with inflammatory lung damage and impaired DNA repair that together may predispose to neoplastic transformation and cancer onset.