One-Pot Synthesis of Novel Hydrazono-1,3-Thiazohdin-4-One Derivatives as Anti-HIV and Anti-Tubercular Agents: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, Molecular Modelling and Admet Studies

Background: The necessity for newer anti-HIV and anti-tubercular medications has arisen as a result of the prevalence of opportunistic infections caused by HIV (human immunodeficiency virus). Objective: A series of ten new hydrazono 1.3-thiazolidin-4-one derivatives were synthesized in one-pot and evaluated for anti-HIV and anti-tubercular activities. Molecular Docking was accomplished with HIV-1 reverse transcriptase protein (PDB ID: 1REV) and Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (M tuberculosis) H(37)Rv protein (PDB ID: 2YES) receptors along with drug-likeness and ADMET properties. Methods: One-pot synthesis of hydrazono 1,3-thiazolidin-4-one derivatives was carried out by ketones, thiosemicarbazide and ethylchloroacetate with the catalyst of anhydrous sodium acetate. All the synthesized compounds were characterized and evaluated for their in-vitro anti-HIV and also evaluated for their in-vitro anti-tubercular activity against M tuberculosis H(37)Rv. In-silico predicted physicochemical parameters were done by MedChem Designer (TM) software version 5.5 and ADMET parameters by pkCSM online tool. Furthermore, molecular docking was performed with pyrx 0.8 by autodock vina software. Results: All the synthesized compounds were characterized and evaluated for their in-vitro antiIlly activity for inhibition of syncytia formation, which shows KTE1 with EC50 47.95 mu M and Selectivity Index (SI) of >4.17 and for inhibition of p24 antigen production EC50 was found to be 80.02 mu M and SI of >2.49. The compounds were also evaluated for their in-vitro anti-tubercular activity against M tuberculosis H(37)Rv, in which KTE1 MIC values of 12.5 mu g/ml with SI of >4.0 and cytotoxicity against Vero cell lines. In-silico predicted physicochemical parameters for synthesized compounds which were found to be drug-like. Furthermore, docking has shown a good dock score and binding energy with anti-HIV and anti-tubercular receptors. Conclusion: From the novel synthesized molecules, none of the molecule is as effective as standards for anti-HIV and anti-tubercular drugs and hence can be further explored for its potential activities. Furthermore, derivatization was made to achieve more potent compounds for anti-HIV and anti-tubercular drugs.