Mathematical modeling to predict the weld dilution in FCA welding of stainless steel 301 plates

Flux-cored arc welding (FCAW) is a type of arc welding that employs a constantly supplied consumable tubular electrode that is loaded with a suitable flux. FCAW is gaining popularity as a method of producing high-quality welds for metals such as structural steel, and nickel-based alloys, which are extensively used in industry. Dilution is defined as the change in weld metal composition induced by mixing of the base metal or previously placed weld metal. The current paper analyses the influence of (FCAW) process factors such as welding voltage, wire feed rate, and welding speed on the weld dilution of 301 austenitic stainless steel plates. An attempt is made to build a mathematical relationship between the input parameters and the response parameters, which in this instance is dilution. The statistical technique of design of experiments is used to conduct the studies in a systematic manner. A central composite face-centered approach was used to create the mathematical model. ANOVA was used to evaluate the model's adequacy, and the results were examined using graphical representations.