Stability and change in academic motivation patterns among adolescents with different SES background before and during Covid-19 pandemic

This study aimed to identify achievement goal orientations patterns and their dynamics among adolescents from different SES backgrounds before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. A sample of 1268 adolescents (51.7% females; M=14.87; SD=0.39) took part in one pre-pandemic (start of 9 grade) and three subsequent assessments during Covid-19 pandemic, spaced out with equal half-year intervals. Latent transition analyses revealed unique, mostly unfavorable dynamics of academic motivation during the pandemic, especially for highly motivated adolescents. It also revealed a huge motivational disadvantage among low SES students, which was particularly pronounced before the pandemic, but remained salient throughout the study.