Radioanalytical chemistry for nuclear forensics in China: Progress and future perspective

A relatively new branch of science - nuclear forensics, aiming at providing the nature, origin, history and possible trafficking route of seized nuclear materials/devices, has been established and rapidly developed over decades to screen illicit nuclear activities. This highly interdisciplinary science is built upon a foundation of analytical chemistry, radiochemistry, nuclear physics, material sciences, geology, and other scientific disciplines, within which radiochemical methodologies and radioanalytical techniques play a key role. The present review provides a brief overview about the crucial aspects of nuclear forensics, including basic content, procedure, concerned elements, common separation, analytical method, and so on. The state of the art and recent progresses of nuclear forensics by research communities in China are reviewed, while selected examples and practical applications are emphasized. The challenges associated with this new area and on-going developments are highlighted and discussed.