Myopia progression and stabilization in school-aged children with single-vision lenses

Purpose To investigate the longitudinal changes in myopia from onset to stabilization in school-aged children with single-vison lenses (SVLs). Methods The medical records of patients wearing SVLs with long-term follow-up data between 2006 and 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients who were 6-10 years old at the initial visit and 16 years old at the last assessment were included and analysed. The periods of progression and stabilization of myopia were evaluated by plotting fitted curves of the changes in spherical equivalent (SE). Results Seven hundred and seventy-three patients (median initial age 9 years) were accessed over an average of 7 years (IQR, 6-7 years). The initial mean SE was -1.92 +/- 1.57 D and increased to -6.05 +/- 2.14 D at 16 years old. The average age at myopia stabilization was 14.6 years, and girls slightly stabilized earlier than boys. 73.7% of the 6-year-olds and 85.7% of the 7-year-olds had high myopia at 16 years old, and the risk decreased each year from 7 to 10 years old. Children who had SE greater than -4 D up to 10 years had 89.0% risk of high myopia at 16 years old. Children with SE between -0.5 D and -2 D still had 34% risk of developing high myopia at 16 years old. Conclusion This study provides a comprehensive picture of myopia progression from onset to stabilization in school-aged children with SVLs in China. All children who have myopia onset below 10 years of age were at risk for high myopia, and children who have myopia onset below 8 years of age require more attention.