Evaluating the diagnostic role of in-bore magnetic resonance imaging guided prostate biopsy: a single-centre study

Background To evaluate the role of in-bore MRI-guided biopsy (IB-MRGB) in the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). Methods In this tertiary single centre study, a total of 125 consecutive patients receiving IB-MRGB over a three-year period were evaluated, including 73 patients who had prior biopsies and 52 biopsy-naive patients. We assessed cancer detection rate of patients according to the degree of suspicion based on mpMRI findings. Histopathological data were reviewed by experienced uropathologists. Results The mpMRI was suspicious for PCa (PI-RADS 4/5) in 77% (96/125) and equivocal (PI-RADS 3) in 23% (29/125). The detection rate for csPCa was 54.2% (52/96) and 20.7% (6/29) for suspicious lesions (PI-RADS 4/5) and equivocal lesions (PI-RADS 3), respectively. In subgroup analysis, patients with previous negative biopsy, overall positive biopsy rate and csPCa detection rate were 48.3% (19/35) and 34.5% (13/35), respectively. In patients on AS, 36/44 (81.8%) and 21/44 (47.8%) had PCa and csPCa respectively. In biopsy-naive patients 34/52 (65.4%) and 27/52 (51.92%) had PCa and csPCa respectively. Of the patients on AS, 18/44 (41.6%) upgraded from ISUP 1 to ISUP 2 PCa, and 4/44 (9.1%) upgraded from ISUP 1 to ISUP 3 PCa on IB-MRGB. A total of 14 Clavien-Dindo <= 2 complications occurred in 14 patients (11.2%) that were directly related to the biopsy. No Clavien-Dindo >= 3 complications occurred. Conclusion MRI-targeted biopsy is suitable for assessment of csPCa. Given the favourable complications profile, its use may be considered in both the initial biopsy and re-biopsy settings.