Noninvasive electrical stimulation for psychiatric care in Down's syndrome

Unexplained cognitive deterioration and rapid regression with disabling catatonic features has been described in young individuals with Down's Syndrome [1]. This regression with catatonic features, often attributed to depression or early-onset Alzheimer's disease, is under-recognised and there is no clear evidence-based guideline for its optimal and safe management, leaving much room for the development of alternative and safe strategies. Indeed, although several usual antidepressant treatments seem to be effective in patients with Down's Syndrome with depressive and catatonic symptoms, they are often poorly tolerated (e.g., the occurrence of drugs adverse effect is greater than in the general population), not easily accessible (e.g., Electroconvulsive Therapy) or not feasible (e.g., psychotherapy based on langage is not adaptated in patients with intellectual disabilities and langage difficulties).