Sociodemographic characteristics and social exclusion among the oldest old.

This study showed few and unexpected associations between sociodemographic characteristics and social exclusion among oldest-old Australians, suggesting a homogeneous effect of advancing age. Government approaches aimed at reducing social exclusion in this age group should consider gender and taking action across all socioeconomic stratification. Further research is warranted to understand the underlying mechanisms linking sociodemographic characteristics to social exclusion.