Bermuda grass latent virus in Australia: genome sequence, sequence variation, and new hosts

Bermuda grass latent virus (BGLV; genus Panicovirus ) is identified for the first time in Australia and in only the second country after the USA. A full-length genome sequence was obtained, which has 97% nucleotide sequence identity to that of the species exemplar isolate. Surveys for BGLV, utilising a newly designed universal panicovirus RT-PCR assay for diagnosis, demonstrated widespread infection by this virus in a broad variety of Bermuda grass cultivars ( Cynodon dactylon and C. dactylon × C. transvaalensis ) grown in both New South Wales and Queensland. The virus was also detected in Rhodes grass ( Chloris gayana ) and Kikuyu grass ( Cenchrus clandestinus ), which are both important pasture grasses in subtropical Australia, and the latter is also grown as turf. Furthermore, the Rhodes grass plant, which had strong mosaic symptoms, was also infected with sugarcane mosaic virus, warranting further investigations as to whether synergistic interactions occur between these two viruses.