Prolonged Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis Has No Impact on Child Growth in the First Two Years of Life: Findings from a Randomized Controlled Trial in Botswana

We investigated the impact of prolonged cotrimoxazole prophylaxis on growth in 2848 HIV-exposed uninfected children enrolled in the Mpepu study, a randomized, placebo-controlled trial in Botswana. No significant differences in mean weight-for-age, length-for-age, or weight-for-length z scores between placebo and cotrimoxazole arms were observed overall through 18 months.