Molecular and Cellular Changes in the Pathogenesis of Endometriosis

The review examines molecular and cell changes in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Literature data on innate and adaptative immunity are presented, the role of changes in the hormonal status and nuclear receptors for steroid hormones is considered, and a possible epithelial–mesenchymal transition in endometrial cells and at the site of their attachment during the formation of an ectopic focus of endometrium is discussed. The role of the combined action of various factors in the pathogenesis of endometriosis is discussed.