Review of Stationary Energy Storage Systems Applications, Their Placement, and Techno-Economic Potential

Purpose of Review This review paper attempts to give a general overview on the BESS applications that demonstrate a high potential in the past few years, identifying most relevant operators — or providers — with the corresponding placement for such. Together with a description of value proposition schemes, observed trends, and research fields, a collection of relevant project references is gathered. Recent Findings Many publications and communications try to describe the services that battery energy storage systems can provide to each of the stakeholders, even though they might greatly differ based on national regulatory frameworks. The actual most relevant 6 applications in the view of the authors are described in more detail. Summary In this paper, there has been pointed special attention on the BESS opportunities for each operator and their corresponding potential on revenue stacking. Additionally, the most important identified scientific papers for the 6 most important applications in the view of the authors are presented.