Environmental Evaluation of the Surface Water, Ground Water and Wastewater using Pollution Indices at the Landfill Site, Southern Baiji, Salah Al-Din, Northern Iraq

The current study aimed to assess the environmental risk of the municipal dump site on the quality of surface and groundwater in the city of Baiji in Salah al-Din Governorate, as 20 water samples were collected divided into three groups according to their type, 3 samples from the water of the Tigris River passing through the study area and 14 samples from water wells. Groundwater and 3 samples from the sewage drain passing through the study area. With regard to the concentrations of heavy metals, the results of the iron ion concentrations in the water samples of the Tigris River showed that they were within the permissible limit, while the percentage of 0.86 of the groundwater samples was within the permissible limit. Tigris and groundwater samples were within the permissible limit. The results of manganese and cobalt concentrations in all samples showed that they were above the permissible limit and the results of nickel concentrations in the Tigris River water samples showed that all of them were within the permissible limit, while the groundwater was 0.50 was within the permissible limit and 0.50 was above the permissible limit, while the concentrations of cadmium and zinc the device did not read them because their concentrations were below detection limit of the device. In terms of pollution of the Tigris River water and groundwater in the study area, the Heavy Metal Water Pollution Index showed that the Tigris River water samples were of medium pollution, as 0.78 of the groundwater samples were of low pollution and 0.22 of them were moderately polluted. Heavy metals results showed that the waters of the Tigris River were highly polluted, 0.78 of the groundwater samples were highly polluted, and 0.22 of them were moderately polluted and unfit for drinking according to the heavy metals assessment index. As for the degree of pollution index (Cd), it showed that the water samples of the Tigris River were of a high degree of pollution and that 0.71 of the groundwater samples were of low pollution, 0.21 of them were highly polluted and one well of medium pollution.