Tissue culture and rapid propagation of Iris germanica L.

The floral organs of Iris germanica L.‘White flower’,‘Little dream’,‘Echo de France’,‘Brassie’,‘Golden queen’ and ‘Purple flower’ were used as explants to develop a protocol for shoot induction and rapid propagation.The results showed that explants disinfected with 0.1% HgCl2 for 10 min were most effective with the average contamination rate of 26.67% and death rate of 6.70%.Different parts of explants had different abilities for callus induction and shoot formation.The pedicel had the highest shoot formation rate of 59.00%.The abilities of callus induction and shoot formation were affected by the length of flower bud and hormones.The optimal length of flower bud was 4～8 cm.The optimal medium was MS medium supplemented with 1.0mg·L-1 6-BA and 0.5mg·L-1 IBA.The clump of 4～6 shoots subcultured on MS medium supplemented with 2.0mg·L-1 6-BA and 0.5mg.L-1 IBA obtained higher proliferation rate and lower vitrification rate of 5.5 and 16.4%,respectively.The most suitable rooting medium was 1/2 MS medium containing 0.5mg·L-1NAA,in which rooting rate reached 92.67%.Perlite was the best transplanting medium,in which the surviving rate was 88.20%.