Changes and significance of peripheral immune cells in pregnant women with severe preeclampsia

Preeclampsia is a peculiar disease for gravida which could cause both maternal and perinatal death.In the last few years, immune function defect has been thought of playing an important role in the pathogenesis and etiology of preeclampsia with T-cell immunity imbalance as a special concern. In this study, we aim to explore the pathological migration characteristics of T immune cells in severe preeclampsia as well as its effect on maternalfetal outcome. Total of 31 cases of severe preeclampsia patients and 31 cases of healthy pregnant women were selected and studied comparatively, whose fasting blood were extracted to detect both the T-lymphocyte subsets' cell count and their adipokines lever on basis of each subset activity was assessed; furthermore, we also determined maternal hepatorenal function and neonates birth conditions. We found that Th1 and Th17 cell count as well as their cytokine secretion levels of observation group were both significantly higher than those of control group(P 0.05), while Th2, Ts, Treg cells counts and corresponding cytokine secretion levels got crosscurrent(P 0.05); at the same time, maternal liver function indexes of ALT, AST, Cr and kidney function indexes of BUN, UA, URO of observation group were all significantly higher than those of control group(P 0.05); also, neonates birth gestational age and weight were significantly lower than those of control group(P 0.05). Our research results indicate that there are pathological changes in severe preeclampsia patients which presenting imbalance of Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg, which may impair maternal hepatorenal function and contribute to premature delivery.