Disclosure of errors and adverse events in surgery: A cross-sectional survey of attitudes and experiences of surgical trainees in Nigeria

Background: The patient-surgeon relationship is based on trust, loyalty, and respect. When errors and adverse events occur, they can test the foundation of that relationship with lasting consequences for both the patient and the surgeon. Disclosure of errors and adverse events is a requisite skill in surgical education. Materials and Methods: Surgical trainees' perception of the disclosure of errors and adverse events was evaluated using a questionnaire at the revision course of the West African College of Surgeons in September 2012. The questionnaire addressed three domains: Types of errors that should be disclosed, barriers to disclosure, and experience with disclosure. Results: Nearly all the residents, 60 (95.2%), agreed that adverse events should be disclosed. Most of the respondents, 40 (66.7%), either agreed or strongly agreed that adverse events and errors in surgery are one of the most serious problems in health care. Only 18 residents (28.5%) either disagreed or strongly disagreed with the statement It might make me less likely to disclose an error or adverse event to a patient if I think I might get sued. Almost all the residents, 58 (92.1%), have not had a formal training in disclosure of adverse events and errors. Conclusion: The majority of the residents agreed that errors and adverse events should be disclosed. Most of the residents also reported that they have not had a formal training in disclosure. Training residents in disclosure is clearly warranted, as such training will provide them with a valuable skill that they will use throughout their careers.