Venom Composition of Egyptian and Carniolan Honeybee, Apis mellifera L. Affected by Collection Methods.

Bee venom is one of theeconomic income sources for beekeepers due to their widely medical uses andother traded products. This study investigates the biological activity ofvenom extracts from the honeybee, Apis melliferasubspecies: A. m. lamarckii and A. m. carnica by manual and electro-stimulated extracted methods. Venoms extracted compared with regard to their SDS-PAGE analysis, enzymaticactivities: protease, PLA2, hyaluronidase and haemolyticactivity of melittin, and LD50 value. Theelectrophoretic analysis data showed that manual venoms extract for Egyptianand Carniolan bees contain 24 and 21 bands with molecular weights ranging from127.66 - 15.92 KDa and 133.61- 14.4 KDa, respectively. It was noted that thevenoms electrically extracted for Egyptian and Carniolan bees have the highestsimilarities with 0.363. The enzymatic activities andLD50 value datashowed that the venoms extracted using electrical stimulatedmethod has high optimal quality and it can be commercialized by the beekeeper. The venom of Egyptian subspecies A. m. lamarckii   has high biological activityand is the better form for the best pharmacologicalsource. The experimental data can be used for identification, standardizationand determining the biological activity of honeybee venom in Egypt.