An update on clinical trials targeting human tauopathies

The microtubule-associated protein 'tau' is primarily expressed within axons in the central nervous system where it stabilizes microtubules and aids in cargo transport. While basal phosphorylation of tau is normal, tau modifications, predominantly hyperphosphorylation, are critical in the pathogenesis of numerous neurodegenerative disorders known as the tauopathies. Over the years, tau has been shown to be a valuable and elusive target for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Targeting tau via genetic, biological, and pharmacological approaches in vitro and in vivo may prevent degenerative pathologies. However, to date none of these approaches have been successful in human studies, albeit some promising studies are currently underway. This review aims to briefly discuss the biology and pathology of tau and summarize current treatment strategies in clinical trials.