Caracterización clínica y electroencefalográfica de pacientes con epilepsia generalizada genética, evaluados en el Centro Especializado CEC- LAB IPS Universitaria de Antioquia 2010 - 2012: estudio descriptivo retrospectivo

Introduction: The clinical and electroencephalographic features in the Generalized Genetic Epilepsy define several subsyndromes, however, variations of the Electroencephalogram abnormalities and clinical presentation between the syndromes exist. Objective: Epidemiological data regarding genetic generalized epilepsies in Colombia are scarce. In the present study the Generalized Genetic Epilepsy (GGE) syndromes were analyzed based on the demographic, clinical and electroencephalographic to determine local endophenotype and to establish a benchmark that forms the basis of genetic research. Materials and methods: This retrospective study was carried out in the CEC-LAB Specialized Center University Clinic IPS Leo XIII, patient records between 2010 and 2012. It describes those patient diagnosed with EGG and their electroencephalographic, demographic and clinical features by the syndromic classification. For statistical analysis frequencies, proportions, means, medians and dispersion measures were used. Results: 5,357 patients were collected, of them 53 (1%) presented diagnosis of EGG. The average age was 19 years (+/- 15 years). The Variable epilepsy phenotype had the highest prevalence (21%), the younger and older start of seizures were presented in myoclonic absence epilepsy and juvenile myoclonic respectively. Each syndrome presented the classical type of seizures and a variety of EEG abnormalities. Conclusion: electroclinical syndromes cannot be applied to the entire population, their evaluation should be individualized and try to integrate them into the current syndromic classification, being cautious with cases that deviate from a specific electroencephalographic and clinical description whereupon the clinician must be prepared to use a neurobiological approach to understand and guide these patients.