Investigation and selection of initial materials as possible sources for obtaining sorbents

The information about selection of initial materials based on bentonite, brown coal and technical soot for obtaining new sorbents is presented in this article. Obtaining new efficient carbon sorbents based on local Angren brown coals, a study on their colloidal-chemical and adsorption properties, as well as the search for new areas of their effective practical application for the purification of industrial sewage from the chemical and metallurgical industries are great scientific and practical interest and are highly relevant. The creation of sorbents with such properties is associated with a large energy expenditure, which is performed using special equipment for heat treatment of the material. Thus, the aim of the study was both of finding ways not only to reduce the cost of production of activated carbons with the involvement of materials based on local raw materials, but also to reuse them with subsequent regeneration. Tо achieve this, preliminary studies of determinition the points of temperature differences during thermal decarbonization and activation of the initial materials – Angren coal, soot from shop N. 6 of Navoiazot JSC and bentonite from the Navbakhor deposit were carried out by thermogravimetric methods. It was found that the main optimal ratio of bentonite/coal was 1/2 at the temperature of 950 °C for 45 min, and the decarbonization degree of 19 %. The optimum parameter for burning out organic compounds in the soot composition is a temperature range from 520 to 1080 °С, where the maximum carbon burning out to 75 % is observed. Increasing the temperature of the sorbent heating to 700–1000 °С promotes the restructuring of the secondary structure of carbon of sorbate, stabilizes its properties, which simplifies its reactivation, especially in cases of a sorbate with a complex variable composition. The possibility of compatibility of the burning out parameters of two different types of compounds – Angren coal and bentonite from the Navbakhor deposit – is shown in order to obtain new hybrid types of sorbents that can be used for sewage treatment of industrial enterprises with their recycling usage in closed mode.