Massive self-organized shape formation in grid environments

Self-organized shape formation can be observed in many nat-ural processes[1,2],involving crystallization,multi-cellular organism formation,and social insects collaboration.In these natural processes,complex structures emerge from de-centralized collaboration among individuals.This kind of phenomenon motivates two research problems:what is the mechanism of self-organized shape formation,and how to construct artificial systems of self-organized shape forma-tion.Solutions to the two problems could facilitate the ap-plication of self-organized shape formation in many poten-tial domains,such as smart warehouses[3]and intelligent transportation[4].Specifically,self-organized shape forma-tion can be applied to bike-sharing systems in the intelligent transportation domain to guide the movement directions of multiple uses when the parking space is scarce.