Phytochemical based sestrin2 pharmacological modulators in the treatment of adenocarcinomas

Background: The resurgence of interest in the metabolic regulator sestrin 2 (SESN2) has played a pivotal role in the several biochemical and immunological roles ascribed to it. Structural analysis of this highly conserved GTPase- activating protein complex 2 (GATOR-2) interacting globular protein revealed a similar structural fold to the carboxymucolactone decarboxylase (CMD) family. The requisite role of SESN2 in maintaining homeostasis can be imputed to the suppression of unfolded protein response (UPR) and decreasing endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress pressure, thus preventing the activation of B-cell lymphoma (BCl-2) constrained mitochondrial cascade connected to the neoplasia of gland-containing epithelial tissue. To date, it remains to be fully documented the probable mechanism of SESN2 protein in adenocarcinomas. Although perturbations in AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK), mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORc1), in addition to X-linked inhibitors of apoptosis protein (XIAP) degradation cascades could be implicated in metabolic disorders, this study aims to critically review the structure, localization and biochemical regulation of SESN2. Method: Database such as Scopus, Pubmed and Google scholar were used to obtain the articles used. Results: Recent progress has incorporated that SESN2 could be a novel therapeutic target and potential biomarker in managing several diseases, thus we further examined the immunological role of SESN2 in a compromised immunity environment as well as exhaust the bulwark role of SESN2 in several adenocarcinomas. Lastly, several phytochemicals based SESN2 pharmacological modulators that could be vital in the management of the biochemical and biological effects of adenocarcinomas were discussed. Conclusion: From this study, it is thus safe to infer that SESN2 could be a therapeutic target in the treatment of adenocarcinomas as such those phytochemicals should be further studied on how it could be considered in the management of adenocarcinomas.