Bi-level Heat-Electricity Energy Sharing for Integrated Energy Systems with Energy Hubs and Prosumers

The heat-electricity integrated energy system (HEIES) with energy hubs (EHs) and prosumers is the typical form of future energy system, EH can efficiently model the integration of different energy carriers and coordinate an integrated energy sharing system of multiple prosumers in HE-IES. In this paper, a closed-loop framework is designed to integrate the contract theory and consensus algorithms for a bi-level heat-electricity energy sharing system. First, the energy sharing scheme between prosumers and an EH in the lower-level energy system is formulated. Contract theory is utilized to maximize the profits of EH under the information asymmetry scenario, and different contract items are designed for the electric and thermal networks. In particular, a set of new bi-directional contract items is proposed in the electrical network. Furthermore, a consensus-based energy sharing framework among various EHs and utility grid in the upper-level system is developed and network constraints is considered. Two types of Lagrange multipliers are defined to decouple the electric and thermal network, and an interactive mechanism is designed to solve the problem. Finally, the simulation results verify the convergence of the bi-level closed-loop framework and the feasibility and performance of the scheme.