Generation and Control of Terahertz Spin Currents in Topology-induced Two-dimensional Ferromagnetic Fe3GeTe2|Bi2Te3 Heterostructures

Future information technologies for low-dissipation quantum computation, high-speed storage, and on-chip communication applications require the development of atomically thin, ultracompact, and ultrafast spintronic devices in which information is encoded, stored, and processed using electron spin. Exploring low-dimensional magnetic materials, designing novel heterostructures, and generating and controlling ultrafast electron spin in two-dimensional (2D) magnetism at room temperature, preferably in the unprecedented terahertz (THz) regime, is in high demand. Using THz emission spectroscopy driven by femtosecond laser pulses, we successfully realized optical THz spin current bursts at room temperature in 2D van der Waals ferromagnetic Fe3 GeTe2 (FGT) integrated with Bi2 Te3 as a topological insulator. The symmetry of the THz radiation was effectively controlled by the optical pumping incidence and external magnetic field directions, indicating that the THz generation mechanism is the inverse Edelstein effect contributed spin-to-charge conversion. Thickness-, temperature-, and structure-dependent nontrivial THz transients revealed that topology-enhanced interlayer exchange coupling increases the FGT Curie temperature to room temperature, which provides an effective approach for engineering THz spin current pulses. These results contribute to the goal of all-optical generation, manipulation, and detection of ultrafast THz spin currents in room-temperature 2D magnetism, accelerating the development of atomically thin high-speed spintronic devices. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.