Fitossociologia de plantas daninhas em arroz irrigado no sistema de cultivo clearfield

Weed management is essential for obtaining high grain yields in irrigated rice. In this study, the objectives were to map, quantify and to evaluate resistance occurrence of weeds in irrigated rice production areas using the Clearfield® (CL) system in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS). For this, a phytosociological survey was carried out by means of georeferenced collections of soils in 36 farms with the cultivation of irrigated rice in 16 cities in RS. The soil samples were placed in polyethylene trays with an area of 792 cm2 and arranged in a greenhouse, in order to allow the emergence of weeds during the period from October 2018 to June 2019. The weeds present were quantified and identified at the genus level, with the help of specialized bibliography. The variables analyzed were frequency, relative frequency, density, relative density, abundance, relative abundance and importance value index. A total of 38 genus were identified, distributed in 20 botanical families, and the most representative were Poaceae, Cyperaceae and Asteraceae. The genus Cyperus, Echinochloa, Oryza and Lolium had the highest indexes of importance value. The first three showed high frequency and wide distribution in the irrigated rice producing regions. The areas with the cultivation of irrigated rice, in the CL system, presented a high diversity and distribution of weeds. Weeds of the genus Cyperus have higher values of relative frequency, density and abundance, as well as a high importance value index.