Relação do uso e da ocupação do município de Águas Lindas e seus impactos ambientais

As mudancas no uso e cobertura da terra provocam impactos nas paisagens e gera problemas ambientais. Nesse sentido, considerando o municipio de Aguas Lindas – GO, o objetivo deste trabalho e: analisar o uso e cobertura da terra; identificar as areas suscetiveis a erosao e avaliar a perda de solos. Para a analise do uso e cobertura da terra utilizou-se a base digital do Projeto MapBiomas no periodo de 1985 a 2017. A suscetibilidade erosiva foi feita pelo metodo Analystic Hierarchy Process (AHP), onde se analisou as variaveis ambientais (uso e ocupacao do solo, geologia, geomorfologia, classes de solo e declividade) com dados multi-escalar, obtidos no Sistema Estadual de Geoinformacao de Goias (SIEG). A equacao universal de perdas de solo (USLE) foi utilizada para estimar as perdas provocadas pelas erosoes laminar e em sulcos, em relacao ao clima, solo, topografia, uso e manejo do solo. Os resultados mostram que o processo de conversao foi constante ate 1995 com 49% de cobertura natural e 49% de antropica. A partir de 1995 a perda anual de areas naturais do municipio foi cerca de 3%. A analise da suscetibilidade erosiva do municipio e muito forte. A perda de solos variaram de 0 a 135 ton/ha.ano no municipio (nula a forte). As atividades agropastoris e urbana se desenvolveram de forma que intensificaram o processo de degradacao do solo. Entende-se que sao necessarias mobilizacoes, fiscalizacoes e sensibilizacao nas formas de uso e ocupacao do solo, contribuindo para o bem social e ambiental. Relationship to the use and occupation of Aguas Lindas City and its environmental impacts A B S T R A C T Changes in land use and land cover impacts landscapes and environmental problems. In this sense, considering the municipality of Aguas Lindas - GO, the objective of this paper is: to analyze land use and land cover; identify areas susceptible to erosion and assess soil loss. For the analysis of land use and land cover, the digital basis of the MapBiomas Project was used from 1985 to 2017. Erosion susceptibility was made by the Analystic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, which analyzed the environmental variables (land use and occupation). soil, geology, geomorphology, soil classes and slope) with multi-scalar data obtained from the Goias State Geoinformation System (SIEG). The universal soil loss equation (USLE) was used to estimate the losses caused by laminar and furrow erosion in relation to climate, soil, topography, soil use and management. The results show that the conversion process was constant until 1995 with 49% of natural cover and 49% of anthropic. From 1995 the annual loss of natural areas of the municipality was about 3%. The analysis of the erosive susceptibility of the municipality is very strong. Soil loss ranged from 0 to 135 tons / ha. year in the municipality (zero to strong). Agropastoral and urban activities developed in a way that intensified the process of soil degradation. It is understood that mobilization, supervision and sensitization in the forms of land use and occupation are necessary, contributing to the social and environmental good. Keywords: Land use and land cover; erosive susceptibility; soil loss; mitigation environmental impacts.