Multi-Rate Layered Operational Optimal Control for Large-Scale Industrial Processes

In large-scale process industries, one of the great challenges is to achieve optimum operation of systems with multi-time-scale property and partially unknown models. To this end, this article proposes a novel multi-rate layered operational optimal control (OOC) method, which employs lifting technique to unify the relatively fast dual-rate of basic loop layer and relatively slow single-rate of ope...