Temperament and attachment as predictive factors for the risk of addiction to substances in adolescents

Revista de Psicopatología y Psicología Clínica(2019)

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Abstract
Abstract: This study aims to relate the dimensions of temperament and attachment with the risk of addiction to substances in a group of 642 adolescents between 13 and 19 years old, and to assess which dimensions of these constructs acted as risk or protective factors. It also relates the two constructs between them. There was a positive correlation between the risk of addiction and the temperament dimension Novelty seeking and with those of attachment, Self-sufficiency and parental resentment and Child trauma. The correlation was negative with Persistence (temperament) and Security (attachment). Novelty seeking, Family concern and age, acted as risk factors; whereas “Security” in attachment was a factor of protection. The temperament and attachment profiles with a higher risk of addiction correlated with each other; they also correlated those with a low risk.  Resumen: Temperamento y apego como factores predictivos para el riesgo de adiccion a sustancias en adolescentes. Este estudio busca relacionar las dimensiones de temperamento y apego con el riesgo de adiccion a sustancias en un grupo de 642 adolescentes de entre 13 y 19 anos, y valorar que dimensiones de estos constructos actuan como factores de riesgo o de proteccion. Tambien se relacionan los dos constructos entre ellos. Hubo una correlacion positiva entre el riesgo de adiccion y la dimension de temperamento “Busqueda de novedad”, y con las de apego “Autosuficiencia y rencor hacia los padres” y “Trauma infantil”. La correlacion fue negativa con “Persistencia” (temperamento) y “Seguridad” (apego). “Busqueda de la novedad”, “Preocupacion familiar” y edad, actuaron como factores de riesgo; mientras que la “Seguridad “en el apego fue un factor de proteccion. Los perfiles de temperamento y apego con riesgo mas elevado de adiccion correlacionaron entre ellos; tambien correlacionaron aquellos con un riesgo bajo.
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Key words
addiction,temperament,adolescents,substances
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